• Amended Section III. Election Procedure

Original

Amendment

The Election Committee established by the Board of Directors shall consist of at least three members. Candidate Qualifications A member wishing to run for Director or Auditor shall file a candidacy statement with the Election Committee. Candidacy statements must include the candidate’s full name, gender, nationality, address of current residence, home telephone number, and e-mail address. Only JAT members are eligible to become members of the Board of Directors. Candidates must have been JAT members for the entire year preceding the deadline for submitting candidacy statements. No person may serve as director and/or auditor for more than 4 years in any 6-year period. Partial years served on the board are considered one full year when calculating term limits. Election Timeline The President shall report on the state of JAT and announce the election on or about February 7. The period for candidacy registration is seven days starting on or about March 1. The Election Committee will announce no candidates until the closing of the registration, at which point it will announce the complete list of the candidates. The candidates may self-announce at any time. A registered candidate cannot withdraw. The period for voting is 11 days starting on or about March 12. The announcement of results shall be made as soon as possible after the close of the voting period but no later than March 31. Voting, Determining Winners, and Term Assignments The number of votes each member may cast shall be equal to the number of director slots and auditor slots that are open. The vote can be cast either For or Against a candidate. A candidate’s Vote Total is the number of For votes minus the number of Against votes The candidates receiving the highest Vote Totals shall be declared elected, provided, however, that no candidate shall be elected with the votes of less than five percent of the total number of members voting. In the event of a tie that needs to be broken, each of the Directors may cast one additional vote for one of the tied candidates. In the event of a tie among the directors, the president decides. As many directors as necessary to bring the total number of directors to eight will be elected each year. Of these, the four directors receiving the highest Vote Total will serve two-year terms. The other directors will serve one-year terms. As many auditors as necessary to bring the total number of auditors to two will be elected each year. Of these, the auditor receiving the highest Vote Total will serve a two-year term. The other will serve a one-year term. If the second year of a two-year term would result in a violation of the term limits, the director/auditor must resign at the end of the first year. The election committee will announce the winners and their net Vote Totals (For minus Against) on JAT-List and the complete results for all candidates will be reported on the JAT website such that only members can view them. The results will be ratified at the next AGM, at the end of which the new directors and auditors shall take office. Voting records shall be destroyed once the results have been recognized by the governing authority.

JAT will hold elections for Directors and Auditors (hereinafter referred to as “Officers”) once a year. Election Timeline On or about January 1 each year, the Board will appoint an Election Committee consisting of at least three members to initiate election preparations. The President will report to the membership on the state of JAT and announce the election on or about February 7. The candidacy registration period starts on or about March 1, and a member wishing to run for an Officer position must file a candidacy statement with the Election Committee by 23:59:59 JST on the seventh day after the period starts, appending the names of a minimum of three (3) and a maximum of ten (10) other JAT members who agree to act as endorsers. A registered candidate cannot withdraw. The Election Committee will not announce any candidates until after registration closes, at which point it will release a complete list of candidates together with their candidacy statements and lists of endorsers. The candidates may self-announce at any time. The campaign period starts on or about March 8 and lasts until 23:59:59 JST on the seventh day after the period starts. The voting period starts on or about March 15 and lasts until 23:59:59 JST on the twelfth day after the period starts. As soon as possible after the close of the voting period but no later than March 31, the Election Committee will announce the winners and the complete results for all candidates on JAT-List and the JAT website where only members can view them. The Board will present the results to the next Annual General Meeting (AGM) for ratification. At the end of the AGM, the current Officers step down and the new Officers take office unless the provisions of 2.9 come to apply. If for some reason the next AGM does not ratify the election results, the current Officers will remain in office until new Officers are chosen by a new election or other procedure as agreed by majority vote at the AGM or a separate Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM). Once the AGM or EGM ratifies the results, they will be reported to the governing authority (東京都庁, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government) and the registry (東京法務局渋谷出張所, the Shibuya Office of the Tokyo Legal Affairs Bureau). After the registry registers the new Officers, the Board will destroy electronic voting records and disband the Election Committee. However, a record of voting tallies will be stored and/or backed up at an appropriate physical location (office, etc.) and/or virtual location (website server, etc.). Newly-elected Officers join the Board communications forum on a read-only basis as soon as possible after the election results are announced and participate fully after the election results are ratified at the AGM or EGM. Candidate Qualifications Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 14-5 of the JAT Constitution, only JAT members are eligible to become Officers. Candidates and their endorsers must confirm that they have been JAT members in good standing for the entire year preceding the deadline for submitting candidacy statements. Candidacy statements must include the candidate’s full name, gender, nationality, address of current residence, home telephone number, and primary JAT e-mail address, together with the full name and primary JAT e-mail address of each endorser. Any JAT member in good standing may endorse any number of candidates. This means that candidates may endorse each other, and that Officers and members of the Election Committee may endorse candidates in their capacity as individual members of JAT. “In good standing” means that each candidate and endorser has conformed to all membership requirements, including payment of necessary dues. No person may serve as an Officer for more than four (4) years in any six-year (6-year) period, as specified by Article 16-2 of the JAT Constitution. A partial year served as an Officer is considered one (1) full year when calculating term limits, except in the case of substitutes as described in Section II.4.5 below. Voting, Determining Winners, and Term Assignments The number of votes each member may cast will be equal to the number of Director slots and Auditor slots that are open. Members do not need to vote for that many candidates but may not vote for more than that many. Members may not vote for any candidate more than once. The candidates receiving the highest vote totals and at least ten (10) percent of the total number of votes cast will be declared elected. In the event of a tie that needs to be broken, each Director may cast one (1) additional vote for one (1) of the tied candidates. In the event of a tie among the Directors, the President decides. As many candidates as necessary to bring the total number of Directors to eight (8) will be elected each year. When there are more than four (4) openings for the position of Director, the four candidates receiving the highest vote totals will serve two-year (2-year) terms. Any other elected candidates will serve one-year (1-year) terms. As many candidates as necessary to bring the total number of Auditors to two (2) will be elected each year. When there are two (2) openings for the position of Auditor, the candidate receiving the higher vote total will serve a two-year (2-year) term. The other will serve a one ?year (1-year) term. If the second year of a two-year (2-year) term would result in a violation of the term limits, the Officer in question will serve a one-year term. Should an Officer resign during his/her term of office, the Board may appoint an interim substitute to serve until the next election, preferably from among the higher-ranking losing candidates in the most recent election. Should this substitute decide to run in a future election, the period served will not count towards his/her term limit.

• Amended Section V. Conferences

Original

Amendment

The Board of Directors shall arrange for the holding, in principle once a year, of an international Japanese/English translation conference, selecting a name and venue for the conference and delegating operational responsibility to an organizing body. The site of the conference shall, in principle, alternate between Japan and English-speaking countries. The conference may be conducted as a JAT activity organized by a JAT committee, as an independent activity organized by a delegated outside body, or as a joint activity organized by a body consisting of delegated JAT members and non-members. Conference entrance fees will allow for a 5,000 yen discount to JAT members. All JAT members will receive a copy of the published conference proceedings. The price of proceedings are included in the non-member price.

The Board of Directors shall arrange for the holding, in principle once a year, of an international Japanese/English translation conference (IJET) , selecting a name and venue for the conference and delegating operational responsibility to an organizing body. The site of the conference shall, in principle, alternate between Japan and　English-speaking countries. The conference may be conducted as a JAT activity organized by a JAT committee, as an independent activity organized by a delegated outside body, or as a joint activity organized by a body consisting of delegated JAT members and non-members. The conference shall be held in accordance with the current IJET Manual as approved by the Board of Directors. Conference entrance fees will allow for a 5,000 yen discount to JAT members. All JAT members will receive a copy of the published conference proceedings. The price of proceedings are included in the non-member price.

• Amended Section III. Election Procedure

Original

Amendment

The Election Committee established by the Board of Directors shall consist of at least three members. Candidate Qualifications Any member wishing to run for Director or Auditor shall file a candidacy statement with the Election Committee by March 20. Candidacy statements must include the candidate’s full name, gender, nationality, address of current residence, home telephone number, and e-mail address. Only JAT members are eligible to become members of the Board of Directors. Candidates must have been JAT members for the entire year preceding the deadline for submitting candidacy statements. No one can serve as director for more than 4 years in any 6-year period. This provision applies to years served starting from the 2004 AGM. Partial years served on the board are considered one full year when calculating term limits. Voting After verifying the candidate’s qualifications, the Election Committee shall arrange for the candidacy statements and voting instructions to be sent to all members in April. Each member shall be able to vote “Yea”, “Nay”, or “Abstain” for each director or auditor. Members shall have twenty-one days to vote after the candidacy statements and voting instructions have been sent out. Determining Winners and Term Assignments A candidate’s Vote Total is the number of for votes minus the number of against votes. The candidates receiving the highest Vote Totals shall be declared elected, provided, however, that no candidate shall be elected with the votes of less than five percent of the total number of members voting. In the event of a tie that needs to be broken, each of the Directors may cast one additional vote for one of the tied candidates. In the event of a tie among the directors, the president decides. As many directors as necessary to bring the total number of directors to eight will be elected each year. Of these, the four directors receiving the highest Vote Total will serve two-year terms. The other directors will serve one-year terms. As many auditors as necessary to bring the total number of auditors to two will be elected each year. Of these, the auditor receiving the highest Vote Total will serve a two-year term. The other will serve a one-year term. If the second year of a two-year term would result in a violation of the term limits, the director must resign at the end of the first year. The election results shall be announced to all members after the voting is concluded, and the results will be ratified at the next AGM, at the end of which the new Directors shall take office. Voting records shall be destroyed once the results have been recognized by the governing authority.

The Election Committee established by the Board of Directors shall consist of at least three members. Candidate Qualifications A member wishing to run for Director or Auditor shall file a candidacy statement with the Election Committee. Candidacy statements must include the candidate’s full name, gender, nationality, address of current residence, home telephone number, and e-mail address. Only JAT members are eligible to become members of the Board of Directors. Candidates must have been JAT members for the entire year preceding the deadline for submitting candidacy statements. No person may serve as director and/or auditor for more than 4 years in any 6-year period. Partial years served on the board are considered one full year when calculating term limits. Election Timeline The President shall report on the state of JAT and announce the election on or about February 7. The period for candidacy registration is seven days starting on or about March 1. The Election Committee will announce no candidates until the closing of the registration, at which point it will announce the complete list of the candidates. The candidates may self-announce at any time. A registered candidate cannot withdraw. The period for voting is 11 days starting on or about March 12. The announcement of results shall be made as soon as possible after the close of the voting period but no later than March 31. Voting, Determining Winners, and Term Assignments The number of votes each member may cast shall be equal to the number of director slots and auditor slots that are open. The vote can be cast either For or Against a candidate. A candidate’s Vote Total is the number of For votes minus the number of Against votes The candidates receiving the highest Vote Totals shall be declared elected, provided, however, that no candidate shall be elected with the votes of less than five percent of the total number of members voting. In the event of a tie that needs to be broken, each of the Directors may cast one additional vote for one of the tied candidates. In the event of a tie among the directors, the president decides. As many directors as necessary to bring the total number of directors to eight will be elected each year. Of these, the four directors receiving the highest Vote Total will serve two-year terms. The other directors will serve one-year terms. As many auditors as necessary to bring the total number of auditors to two will be elected each year. Of these, the auditor receiving the highest Vote Total will serve a two-year term. The other will serve a one-year term. If the second year of a two-year term would result in a violation of the term limits, the director/auditor must resign at the end of the first year. The election committee will announce the winners and their net Vote Totals (For minus Against) on JAT-List and the complete results for all candidates will be reported on the JAT website such that only members can view them. The results will be ratified at the next AGM, at the end of which the new directors and auditors shall take office. Voting records shall be destroyed once the results have been recognized by the governing authority.

• Amended Section II. Board of Directors

Original	Amendment
Procedure for Remote Board Meetings In keeping with Article 34 of the JAT Constitution (Calling Board Meetings), which requires a minimum of 15 day’s prior notification of a Board meeting and the agenda, the vote on a proposal is closed at noon on the 20th day after the Call for Votes was posted.	Procedure for Remote Board Meetings The vote on a proposal is closed at noon JST on the 7th day after the Call for Votes was posted.

• Deleted Section II. Board of Directors

Original	Amendment
Procedure for Remote Board Meetings Directors may change their vote up until the vote closes.	[deleted]

• Amended Section III. Election Procedure
  

  Original	Amendment
  Voting Each member shall be able to cast one vote each for or against up to five directors, and each member shall be able to cast one vote for or against one auditor.	Voting Each member shall be able to vote “Yea”, “Nay”, or “Abstain” for each director or auditor.

• Amended Section II. Board of Directors

Original	Amendment
Procedure for Remote Board Meetings The record of the discussion held on the communications medium will be deleted at least once annually on the day before the Annual General Meeting.	Procedure for Remote Board Meetings The record of the discussion held on the communications medium will be maintained for viewing by future Board members.

• Amended Section I. Membership

Original	Amendment
Dues Dues are set at Y10,000/year. In the case of payment via the Internet, the dues are US$100.00. Membership shall be for a period of twelve months beginning on the first day of the month that payment was received. Multiyear payments are not accepted. Dues are not refundable except in the event of membership termination by decision of the Board of Directors.	Dues Dues are set at Y10,000/year. Membership shall be for a period of one year, beginning on the day on which payment was received. Multiyear payments are not accepted. Dues are not refundable except in the event of membership termination by decision of the Board of Directors.

The following additions and amendments were made pursuant to JAT Board Meeting Vote in November 2006, as well as to decisions made at JAT Remote Board meetings in 2007.

• Amended Section II. Board of Directors

Original

Amendment

Board Meetings Board meetings may be held either remotely using some communicationsmedium such as the Internet (Remote Board Meeting), or in person,where board members physically attend the meeting (In-PersonBoard Meeting). In-Person Board meetings typically take place on a single day, while a Remote Board Meeting typically occurs over a longer period. Schedule of Board Meetings There are two In-Person Board Meetings per year: one close enough before or after the JAT AGM to combine board member travel to both the AGM and board meeting, and the other as determined by the board. The exact dates for these meetings should be discussed and scheduled as soon as possible after the AGM confirms the Board members for the year, so as to give Board members time to make arrangements to attend. Minutes of Remote Board Meetings In addition to any other requirements for meeting minutes, minutes for Remote Board Meetings will use the following format: Place: JAT board mailing list jatboardmembers@yahoogroups.org Time: [Date range, for example, June 16 to August 15] Attendance: [names of all board members and auditors] Proposal 1. [Name of Proposal] Discussion Highlights: For: Against: Abstain:

Board Meetings Board meetings may be held either remotely using some communications medium such as the Internet (remote Board meeting), or in person, where Board members physically attend the meeting (face-to-face Board meeting). Face-to-face Board meetings typically take place on a single day, while a remote Board meeting typically occurs over a longer period. Schedule of Board Meetings There may be up to one face-to-face Board meeting per year for which Board members will be reimbursed for travel expenses; this meeting is to be held approximately half a year after new members join the Board. The exact dates for this and any other meeting should be discussed and scheduled as soon as possible after the AGM confirms the Board members for the year, so as to give Board members time to make arrangements to attend. Minutes of Remote Board Meetings In addition to any other requirements for meeting minutes, minutes for remote Board meetings will use the following format: Place: JAT Basecamp site http://jatadmin.grouphub.com/ Time: [Date range, for example, June 16 to August 15] Attendance: [names of all board members and auditors] Proposal 1. [Name of Proposal] Discussion Highlights: For: Against: Abstain:

The following additions and amendments were made pursuant to decisions made at JAT Remote Board meetings in 2007.

• Amended Section VII. The JAT Mailing Lists

Original

Amendment

JAT operates a number of mailing lists, including the JAT mailing list (JAT-list), which is the official mailing list of the Japan Association of Translators. JAT mailing lists are for use by JAT members in good standing The messages on each list will be related to the purpose for which the list was established. The JAT Mailing List Administrator will administer all JAT mailing lists on behalf of the JAT Board of Directors. All JAT mailing lists are subject to the rules as stated in the bylaws and terms of use. The severity of the penalty Section VII 6(a) and (b) will be at the discretion of the list administrator. Obviously the timing of offenses is crucial. Although a second offense that occurs within days or weeks of a first offense will certainly ncur a more severe penalty, a second offense 5 years after the first offense will not. The JAT Board of Directors shall have the right, but not the obligation, to monitor the content of the JAT mailing lists to determine compliance with the Terms of Use and any operating rules established by JAT and to satisfy any law, regulation, or authorized government request. The JAT Board of Directors shall have the right in its sole discretion to edit, refuse to post, or remove any material submitted to or posted on JAT-list.

JAT operates the JAT mailing list (JAT-list), which is the official mailing list of the Japan Association of Translators. The JAT mailing list is for use by JAT members in good standing. The messages on the list will be related to the purpose for which the list was established. The JAT Webmaster will administer the JAT mailing list on behalf of the JAT Board of Directors. The JAT mailing list is subject to the rules as stated in the Bylaws and Terms of Use. The severity of the penalty (Section VII 6(1) and (2)) will be at the discretion of the list administrator. Obviously the timing of offenses is crucial. Although a second offense that occurs within days or weeks of a first offense will certainly incur a more severe penalty, a second offense 5 years after the first offense will not. The JAT Board of Directors shall have the right, but not the obligation, to monitor the content of the JAT mailing list to determine compliance with the Terms of Use and any operating rules established by JAT and to satisfy any law, regulation, or authorized government request. The JAT Board of Directors shall have the right in its sole discretion to edit, refuse to post, or remove any material submitted to or posted on the JAT mailing list.

• Amended Section VIII. Automatic Proxy

Original	Amendment
The following notice and a link to the bylaws must be prominently displayed on all signup and renewal forms:”As a JAT member, you agree to follow the bylaws of the association. Section XIII of the bylaws makes association auditors your proxy for casting an abstain vote at AGMs and EGMs at which you do not otherwise vote. For details, see LINK”	The following notice and a link to the Bylaws must be prominently displayed on all signup and renewal forms:”As a JAT member, you agree to follow the Bylaws of the Association. Section VIII of the Bylaws makes Association auditors your proxy for casting an abstain vote at AGMs and EGMs at which you do not otherwise vote. For details, see [link].”

• Amended Section III Election Procedure
  

  Original

  Amendment

  The Election Committee established by the Board of Directors shall consist of at least three members. Statement of Candidacy Any member wishing to run for Director or Auditor shall file a statement of candidacy with the Election Committee by March 20. Statements of candidacy must include the candidate’s full name, gender, nationality, address of current residence, home telephone number, and e-mail address. After verifying the candidate’s qualifications, the Election Committee shall arrange for the candidacy statement to be sent to all members along with an absentee ballot in April. Voting Each member shall be able to cast one vote each for or against up to five directors and one auditor. A candidate’s vote total is the number of for votes minus the number of against votes. Determining Winners and Term Assignments As many directors as necessary to bring the total number of directors to eight will be elected each year. Of these, the four directors receiving the highest number of votes will serve two-year terms. The other directors will serve one-year terms. As many auditors as necessary to bring the total number of auditors to two will be elected each year. Of these, the auditor receiving the highest number of votes will serve a two-year term. The other will serve a one-year term. Members shall indicate their choices on the absentee ballot and return it to the Election Committee, to be received within twenty-one days after the date on which the absentee ballots were sent out. The candidates receiving the largest number of votes shall be declared elected, provided, however, that no candidate shall be elected with the votes of less than five percent of the total number of members voting. In the event of a tie that needs to be broken, each of the Directors may cast one additional vote for one of the tied candidates. In the event of a tie among the directors, the president decides. The election results shall be officially announced to all members at the next AGM, at the end of which the new Directors shall take office. Absentee balloting may be conducted through on-line balloting. In that case, the provisions of paragraph 3 above shall be implemented by posting the candidacy statements and absentee ballot on the Association’s website and notifying members thereof by e-mail. Only JAT members are eligible to become members of The Board of Directors.Members can only become candidates in the election for members of The Board of Directors if they have been members for the entire year preceding the last date for candidate submissions. Term Limits No one can serve as director for more than 4 years in any 6-year period. When someone was elected to a 1- or 2-year term but resigned early, the full term they were elected for is included in this calculation. Voting Records Voting records will be destroyed once the results have been recognized by the governing authority.

  The Election Committee established by the Board of Directors shall consist of at least three members. Candidate Qualifications Any member wishing to run for Director or Auditor shall file a candidacy statement with the Election Committee by March 20. Candidacy statements must include the candidate’s full name, gender, nationality, address of current residence, home telephone number, and e-mail address. Only JAT members are eligible to become members of the Board of Directors. Candidates must have been JAT members for the entire year preceding the deadline for submitting candidacy statements. No one can serve as director for more than 4 years in any 6-year period. This provision applies to years served starting from the 2004 AGM. Partial years served on the board are considered one full year when calculating term limits. Voting After verifying the candidate’s qualifications, the Election Committee shall arrange for the candidacy statements and voting instructions to be sent to all members in April. Each member shall be able to cast one vote each for or against up to five directors, and each member shall be able to cast one vote for or against one auditor Members shall have twenty-one days to vote after the candidacy statements and voting instructions have been sent out. Determining Winners and Term Assignments A candidate’s Vote Total is the number of for votes minus the number of against votes. The candidates receiving the highest Vote Totals shall be declared elected, provided, however, that no candidate shall be elected with the votes of less than five percent of the total number of members voting. In the event of a tie that needs to be broken, each of the Directors may cast one additional vote for one of the tied candidates. In the event of a tie among the directors, the president decides. As many directors as necessary to bring the total number of directors to eight will be elected each year. Of these, the four directors receiving the highest Vote Total will serve two-year terms. The other directors will serve one-year terms. As many auditors as necessary to bring the total number of auditors to two will be elected each year. Of these, the auditor receiving the highest Vote Total will serve a two-year term. The other will serve a one-year term. If the second year of a two-year term would result in a violation of the term limits, the director must resign at the end of the first year. The election results shall be announced to all members after the voting is concluded, and the results will be ratified at the next AGM, at the end of which the new Directors shall take office. Voting records shall be destroyed once the results have been recognized by the governing authority.

• Amended Section II. Board of Directors, 5. c and d:
  

  Original	Amendment
  c. Proposals are posted to the communications medium with “Proposal [proposal name]” in the subject line, and this means that the topic is open for discussion only, without a call for votes.	c. Proposals are posted to the communications medium with “Proposal [proposal name]” in the subject line, or optionally “[P] [proposalname],” and this means that the topic is open for discussion only,without a call for votes.
  d. Calls for Votes are posted to the communications medium with “Proposal and Call for Votes [proposal name]” in the subject line, with the actual name of the proposal instead of “[proposal name].”	d. Calls for Votes are posted to the communications medium with “Proposal and Call for Votes [proposal name]” in the subject line, or optionally “[P+V] [proposal name],” with the actual name of the proposal instead of “[proposal name].”

• Amended “Section II. Board of Directors” to add detailed specifications for how JAT Board Meetings are to be scheduled and conducted, reimbursement for travel to meetings by Board members,and taking of minutes from Board Meetings.